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Aufspaltung eines Elektrons in zwei Quasiteilchen
Villigen - Schweizer und deutschen Physikern ist es gelungen, ein Elektron in zwei sogenannte Quasiteilchen aufzuspalten und dies auch experimentell nachzuweisen. Dabei entstehen zwei Teilchen, von denen jedes eine bestimmte Eigenschaft des Elektrons trägt. Für ihr Experiment bestrahlten die Forscher am Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) in Villigen einen Kristall aus Strontiumkupferoxid mit Röntgenlicht aus der Synchrotron Lichtquelle Schweiz (SLS). ...
derstandard.at 19. April 2012

Spin–orbital separation in the quasi-one-dimensional Mott insulator Sr2CuO3
When viewed as an elementary particle, the electron has spin and charge. When binding to the atomic nucleus, it also acquires an angular momentum quantum number corresponding to the quantized atomic orbital it occupies. Even if electrons in solids form bands and delocalize from the nuclei, in Mott insulators they retain their three fundamental quantum numbers: spin, charge and orbital. The hallmark of one-dimensional physics is a breaking up of the elementary electron into its separate degrees of freedom. The separation of the electron into independent quasi-particles that carry either spin (spinons) or charge (holons) was first observed fifteen years ago. Here we report observation of the separation of the orbital degree of freedom (orbiton) using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering on the one-dimensional Mott insulator Sr2CuO3. ...
Published in Nature online 18 April 2012



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